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Published books, journals and articles

1. Farm Production Systems Safety

National Farm Injury Data Collection and Surveillance

Farm Fatalities Research Studies
  • Lower T, Peachey K-L, Rolfe M. Farm-related injury deaths in Australia (2001-2020). The Australian Journal of Rural Health. 2022 00:1-9
  • Peachey K-L, Lower T, Rolfe M. Protecting the future: fatal incidents involving children on Australian farms (2001-19). The Australian Journal of Rural Health. 2020 28(4)
  • Lower T, Temperley J. Farm safety – Time to act. Health Promotion Journal of Australia 2018
  • Lower T, Rolfe M, Monaghan N. Trends and patterns in Unintentional Injury Fatalities in Australian Agriculture. Journal of Agricultural Safety and Health 2017, 23(2): 139-151;
  • Lower T, Rolfe M, Monaghan N. Non-intentional farm injury fatalities in New South Wales (2001-2015). Public Health Research & Practice 2017, 27(5)
  • Monaghan N, Lower T, Rolfe M. Fatal incidents in Australia’s Older Farmers (2001-2015). Journal of Agromedicine 2017. 22(2):100-108.
  • Lower T, Monaghan N, Rolfe M. Quads, Farmers 50+ Years of Age, and Safety in Australia. Safety 2016, 2, 12.
  • Fragar L, Pollock K, Morton C. The changing profile of Australian farm injury deaths. Australian & New Zealand Journal of Occupational Health and Safety. 2008 24(5)
  • Mitchell RJ, Franklin RC, Driscoll TR, Fragar LJ. Farm-related fatal injury of young and older adults in Australia, 1989-1992. Aust J Rural Health. 2002 10: 209-219
  • Mitchell RJ, Franklin RC, Driscoll TR, Fragar LJ. Farm-related fatalities involving children in Australia, 1989-1992. Australian & New Zealand Journal of Public Health. 2001 25: 155-166
  • Franklin RC, Mitchell RJ, Driscoll TR, Fragar LJ. Non–Work–Related Farm Fatalities in Australia, 1989–1992. Journal of Agricultural Health and Safety. 2001 7(4): 229-239
  • Franklin RC, Mitchell RJ, Driscoll TR, Fragar LJ. Agricultural Work–Related Fatalities in Australia, 1989–1992. Journal of Agricultural Health and Safety. 2001 7(4): 213-227
  • Franklin R, Mitchell R, Driscoll T, Fragar L. Farm related fatalities in Australia, 1989-1992. Australian Centre for Agricultural Health and Safety, Moree, RIRDC Canberra and NOHSC 2000
Farm Injury Research Studies
  • Mitchell R, Lower T. Rural-urban variation in injury-related hospitalisation, health outcomes and treatment cost in New South Wales. Australian Journal of Rural Health 2018
  • Lower T, Mitchell R. Farm injury hospitalisations in New South Wales (2010 to 2014). Australian & New Zealand Journal of Public Health 2017
Farm Safety Research Methods
  • Peachey K, Franklin RC, Lower T. A Summary of Fatal Injury Surveillance Methods in Australian Agriculture and their impacts on safety policies and practices. Journal of Agromedicine. 2023
  • Hewitt RJ, Franklin RC, Fragar LJ. Research methodologies for benefit – cost studies of farm occupational health and safety projects. Australian Centre for Agricultural Health and Safety, Moree and RIRDC, Canberra. 2000
  • Franklin RC, Fragar LJ, Page AN. The national farm injury data collection: data to inform farm injury prevention programs. Australian Epidemiologist. 2000 7(1): 18-24
  • Fragar L. Coleman R. Health and safety in Australian Agriculture – Linking research, data and action. Journal of Agromedicine. 1997 4(1/2)

Specific Commodity Programs

  • Lower T, Pollock K. Financial considerations for Health and Safety in the Australian Dairy Industry. Journal of Agromedicine 2017, 22(2):131-139.
  • Lower T, Fragar L, Temperley J. Improving health and safety in the Australian sheep industry. J Occup Health Safety – Aust NZ. 2000 16(2): 117-125

2. Prevention of farm injury associated with specific hazards

2.1 Tractor and Machinery Safety Program

  • Lower T, Temperley J. A review of Australian farm tractor fatalities 2001-2016. Journal of Health Safety & Environment 2018, 34(1): 47-58.
  • Franklin RC, Stark K, Fragar L. Intervention strategies for the retro-fitment of Rollover Protective Structures (ROPS) and fleet characteristic, farm tractors. Safety Science. 2006 44: 771-783
  • Hawkins AP, Eather JJ, Fragar LJ. Improving Health and Safety in the Farm Workshop. ANZ Journal of Occupational Health and Safety. 2007 24
  • Athanasiov A, Gupta ML, Fragar LJ. An Insight into the Grain Auger Injury Problem in Queensland. Australia. Journal of Agricultural Safety and Health. 2006 12:29-42

2.2 Farm Vehicle and Motorbike Safety Program

  • Lower T, Peachey K, Fragar L. A descriptive review of quad-related deaths in Australia (2011-20). Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health. 2021.
  • Lilley R, Lower T, Davie G. Towards a harmonised approach to reducing quad-related
    fatal injuries in Australia and New Zealand: a cross-sectional comparative. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health 2017.
  • Lower T, Monaghan N, Rolfe M. Quads, Farmers 50+ Years of Age, and Safety in Australia. Safety 2016, 2, 12.
  • Davies J, Franklin R. Injuries resulting from horse riding and motorcycle incidents on farms. Journal of Occupational Health and Safety – Australia and New Zealand 2006; 22: 51-59.
  • Schalk T. Australian farm motorcycles: Reducing the risk of injury associated with the operation of 2-wheel motorcycles and All Terrain Vehicles (ATVs). A thesis submitted to the University of New England for Masters Degree of Rural Science, 2002

2.3 Animal Handling Safety Program

  • Peachey K-L, Lower T, Rolfe M. Fatal Animal Related Incidents on Australian Farms – a 20-Year Review. Journal of Agromedicine. 2023 Jan 30:1-8

2.4 Pesticides and Human Health Program

Practicability of Pesticides Safety Systems on Farms

Pesticides Safety Systems
  • Killey J, Temperley J, Fragar L. In Australia, Can a user know whether a pesticide is a Hazardous Substance? Journal of Occupational Health and Safety – Aust NZ. 2009 25(2): 123-128
Worker Exposure Studies
  • Fragar L, Sankaran B, Woods N, Hohenhaus M, Murray P, Nicholls J, Boyd A, Levot G. The potential dermal exposure of sheep ectoparasiticides by workers using different application systems. Journal of Occupational Health and Safety – Australia and New Zealand. 2006 22(6): 551-560
  • Fragar L, Sankaran B. Cholinesterase testing for rural workers: experience of a rural health surveillance program in New South Wales. Journal of Occupational Health and Safety – Australia and New Zealand. 2004 20(4): 325-334.

2.5 Farm Noise Injury Prevention Program

  • Lower T, Fragar L, Depczynski J, Fuller J, Challinor K, Mills J, Williams W. Improving hearing health for farming families. Rural and Remote Health. 2010 10: 1350
  • Lower T, Fragar L, Depczynski J, Challinor K, Fuller J, Williams W. Social network analysis for farmers hearing services in a rural community. Australian Journal of Primary Health. 2010 16(1): 47-51
  • Voaklander DC, Franklin RC, Challinor K, Depczynski J, Fragar LJ. Hearing screening program impact on noise reduction strategies. Journal of Agricultural Safety and Health. 2009 (2): 119-27
  • Franklin RC, Depczynski JD, Challinor K, Williams W, Fragar LJ. Factors Affecting Farm Noise During Common Agricultural Activities. Journal of Agricultural Safety and Health. 2006 12(2): 117-125
  • Depczynski JD, Franklin RC, Challinor K, Williams W, Fragar LJ. Farm Noise Emissions During Common Agricultural Activities. Journal of Agricultural Safety and Health. 2005 11 (3): 325-334

3. Farm Population Safety

3.1 Child Safety on Farms

  • Peachey K, Lower T, Rolfe M. Protecting the future: fatal incidents involving children on Australian farms (2001-19). The Australian Journal of Rural Health. 2020 28(4)
  • Depczynski J, Fragar L, Hawkins A, Stiller L. Safe play areas for prevention of young children drowning in farm dams. Australasian Journal of Early Childhood. 2009 34(3): 50-57
  • Stiller L, Depczynski J, Fragar L, Franklin R. An evidence-consultation base for developing child injury prevention priorities for Australian farms. Health Promotion Journal of Australia. 2008 19
  • Depczynski J. Child Safety on Farms – An Issue for Rural Communities. The Australian Journal of Child and Family Health Nursing. 2006 2: 9-11
  • Bugeja L, Franklin RC. Drowning deaths of zero- to five-year-old children in Victorian dams, 1989-2001. Australian Journal of Rural Health. 2005 13: 300
  • Page A, Fragar L. Recall of Farm Hazards in Australian Primary School Age Children Using A 3-D Visual Cue Test. Australian Journal of Rural Health. 2001 9(5): 216-221
  • Mitchell RJ, Franklin RC, Driscoll TR, Fragar LJ. Farm-related fatalities involving children in Australia, 1989-1992. Australian & New Zealand Journal of Public Health. 2001 25: 155-166

4. Rural Population Health

4.1 Rural Health Studies

  • Summers JL, Lower T, Peachey K. A Narrative Review of Fatigue in Agriculture and Its Impact on Injury and Fatality in Australia. Journal of Agromedicine, 2023, 28:4, 621-639
  • Wiley K, Walker J, Lower T, Massey P, Durrheim D, Khandaker G. Australian beef industry worker’s knowledge, attitudes and practices regarding Q fever: A pilot study. Vaccine 2019
  • Depczynski J, Dobbins T, Armstrong B, Lower T. Comparative use of cancer therapies in Australian farm, rural nonfarm and urban residents aged 45 years and over. Public Health Research & Practice 2018
  • Depczynski J, Dobbins T, Armstrong B, Lower T. Comparison of cancer incidence in Australian farm, residents 45 years and over, compared to rural non-farm and urban residents – a data linkage study, New South Wales, Australia. BMC Cancer 2018, 18(1):33
  • Depczynski J, Dobbins T, Armstrong B, Lower T. Stage of diagnosis of prostate, breast and colorectal cancer in farm residents compared to other rural and urban residents in New South Wales. Australian Journal of Rural Health 2018, 26(1):56-62
  • Lower T, Massey P, Corben P, Depczynski J, Brown T, Stanley P, Osbourn M, Durrheim D. Farmers’ knowledge of Q fever and prevention approaches in New South Wales. Australian Journal of Rural Health 2017
  • Misan G, Lesjak M, Fragar L. Health of rural populations. In: A Textbook of Australian Rural Health. Eds Haw S-T & Kilpatrick S. Australian Rural Health Education Network, Canberra 2008
  • Fraser J, Hawkins A, Alexander C, Fragar L, Robertson C. Evaluation of the impact of a Research Methods Support Structure to increase research capacity in the New England Region of rural new South Wales. Australian Health Review. 2006 30: 427-434
  • Fragar L. A Picture of Health? Proceeding of Rural Public Health in Australia 1997 Conference. National Rural Public Health Forum. National Rural Health Alliance, Canberra
  • Fragar L. Agricultural Health and Safety in Australia. Australian Journal of Rural Health. 1996 4(3): 200-6
  • Fragar LJ. Down on the Farm. Health and Safety in Australian Agriculture. Medical Journal of Australia. 1996 165(2): 69-70

4.2 Stress, Mental Health and Suicide Project

  • Inder K, Holliday E, Handley T, Lower T, Fragar T, Booth A, Lewin T, Kelly B. Depression and risk of non-intentional injury in rural communities – a longitudinal analysis of the Australian Rural Mental Health Study. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 2017, 14, 1080
  • Kelly BJ, Lewin TJ, Stain HJ, Coleman C, Fitzgerald M, Perkins D, Carr V C, Fragar L, Fuller J, Lyle D, Beard J. Determinants of mental health and well-being within rural and remote communities. Soc Psychiat Epidemiol. 2010
  • Fragar L, Stain HJ, Perkins D, Kelly B, Fuller J, Coleman C, Lewin TJ, Wilson J. Distress among rural residents – does employment and occupation make a difference? Australian Journal of Rural Health. 2010 18(1): 25–31
  • Kelly BJ, Stain HJ, Coleman C, Perkins D, Fragar L, Fuller J, Lewin TJ, Lyle D, Carr VJ, Wilson J, Beard J. Mental Health and Well-Being within Rural Communities: the Australian Rural Mental Health Study (ARMHS). Australian Journal of Rural Health. 2010 18(1): 16-24
  • Fuller JD, Kelly B, Law S, Pollard G, Fragar L. 2009. Service network analysis for agricultural mental health. BMC Health Services Research. 2009 (9): 87
  • Robinson T, Kurtz H, Kelly B, Fuller J, Fragar L, Roy S, Deans K, Croft J, Hedger B. Clinical leadership in rural psychiatry: farmers’ mental health and well-being. Australian Journal of Rural Health. 2009 17(5): 284-5
  • Sartore G, Kelly B, Fuller J, Fragar L, Stain HJ, Tonna A. Improving mental health capacity in rural communities: Mental health First Aid delivery in drought-affected rural NSW. Australian Journal of Rural Health. 2008
  • Fragar L, Kelly B, Henderson A, Tonna A, Peters M. Partnerships to promote mental health of NSW farmers – the New South Wales Farmers Blueprint for Mental Health. Australian Journal of Rural Health. 2008 16: 170-175
  • Fuller J, Kelly B, Sartore G, Fragar L, Tonna A, Pollard G, Hazell T. Use of social network analysis to describe service links for farmers’ mental health. Australian Journal of Rural Health. 2007 15: 99-106
  • Sartore G, Kelly B, Fragar L, Fuller J, Stain H, Tonna A, Pollard G. Building and evaluating effective mental health networks in rural communities. Acta Neuropsychiatrica. 2006 18: 269-270
  • Fraser CE, Smith KB, Judd F, Humphreys JS, Fragar LJ, Henderson A. Farming and Mental Health Problems and Mental Illness. International Journal of Social Psychiatry 2005. 51: 340-349
  • Kelly BJ, Stain HJ, Carr VJ, Beard JR, Fragar L, Lewin TJ, Lyle D, Hourihan F. Measuring the Mental Health of Rural Communities. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry 2005. 39: A82-A83
  • Kelly BJ, Stain HJ, Carr VJ, Beard JR, Fragar L, Lyle D, Lewin TJ, Tarren-Sweeney M, Hourihan F. Living in a Rural Community: Determinants and Consequences of Mental Health and Wellbeing. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry. 2005 39: A117-A118
  • Page AN, Fragar LJ. Suicide in Australian Farming, 1988-1997. ANZ J Psychiatry. 2002 36